Heimskringla details that Odin gave Huginn and Muninn the ability to speak.Įxamples of artifacts that may depict Odin with one of the ravens include Migration Period golden bracteates, Vendel era helmet plates, a pair of identical Germanic Iron Age bird-shaped brooches, Viking Age objects depicting a moustached man wearing a helmet, and a portion of the 10th or 11th century Thorwald's Cross. In the Prose Edda and the Third Grammatical Treatise, the two ravens are described as perching on Odin's shoulders. The Prose Edda explains that Odin is referred to as Hrafnaguð (O.N.: "raven-god") due to his association with Huginn and Muninn. In the Poetic Edda, a disguised Odin expresses that he fears that they may not return from their daily flights. The names of the ravens are sometimes modernly anglicized as Hugin and Munin. Huginn and Muninn are attested in the Poetic Edda, compiled in the 13th century from earlier traditional sources: the Prose Edda and Heimskringla in the Third Grammatical Treatise, compiled in the 13th century by Óláfr Þórðarson and in the poetry of skalds. In Norse mythology, Huginn ( Old Norse: "thought" ) and Muninn (Old Norse "memory" or "mind" ) are a pair of ravens that fly all over the world, Midgard, and bring information to the god Odin. Huginn and Muninn sit on Odin's shoulders in an illustration from an 18th-century Icelandic manuscript
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